| Citizens for Tax Justice , 202-626-3780 | November 5, 2002 |
International Tax Comparisons, 1965-2001 (federal, state & local)
(click here for full table in PDF)
Overall taxation (click here for chart):
- In 2001, total federal, state and local taxes in the United States were 29.0% of
our gross domestic product, ranking 27th among the 30 OECD countries. Only
Korea (27.5%), Japan (27.1%) and Mexico (18.3%) had lower taxes.
- In 2001, total taxes in the 26 OECD nations with higher taxes than ours ranged
from 29.2% of GDP in Ireland to 53.4% in Sweden.
- In 2002, total U.S. taxes fell to only 26.3% of GDP.
Corporate income taxes (click here and here for charts):
- In 1965, U.S. corporate income taxes were 4.1% of our GDP, compared to 2.4%
of GDP in the other OECD countries.
- But by 2000 U.S. corporate income taxes had dropped to 2.5% of GDP, while
corporate income taxes in the other OECD countries had risen to 3.4% of GDP.
- In 2002, U.S. corporate taxes plummeted to only 1.5% of our GDP.
Personal income taxes:
- Personal income taxes in the United States rose from 37% of total federal, state
and local revenues in 1970 to 42% in 2000 (but declined sharply since then).
- In contrast, over that same period, personal income taxes remained at a quarter
of total revenues in the other OECD countries (although they rose as a share of
GDP, from 6.5% to 8.8%).
Social insurance taxes:
- Social Security and other social insurance taxes (generally wage taxes) have
risen rapidly worldwide.
- Since 1965, social insurance taxes in the U.S. have risen from 3.3% of GDP to
6.9%.
- In the other OECD countries, social insurance taxes rose from 6.2% of GDP to
10.7%.
Sales, excise and other consumption taxes:
- Reliance on sales taxes and other consumption taxes has fallen worldwide
since 1965.
- In 1965, the United States raised a fifth of its total federal, state and local taxes
from consumption taxes. In 2001, the U.S. raised a seventh of its total taxes
from consumption taxes.
- In the other OECD countries, consumption taxes were a third of total taxes in
1965, but less than a quarter of the total in 2000. (Europe’s replacement of
cascading gross receipts taxes with value-added taxes solely on personal
consumption around 1970 contributed to this downward trend.)
Property & wealth taxes:
- Property and wealth taxes in the U.S. fell from 3.9% of GDP in 1965 to 2.9% by
1980, and have been stable thereafter (3.0% in 2000).
- In the other OECD countries, property and wealth taxes fell somewhat from
1965 to 1980 (from 2.2% of GDP to 1.9%), but have since risen to 2.5% of GDP
in 2000.
Sources: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Revenue Statistics 1965-2001 (Oct.
2002); U.S. Treasury Department (Oct. 2002); U.S. Census Bureau (Oct. 2002).
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